He closest friend. Amen. Early cloak, his books, and most of all for Timothy. But the Lord stood by me and strengthened me, so that through me the proclamation might be fully made, and all the Gentiles might hear the gospel; and I was delivered out of the lion's mouth. NET Bible copyright 1996-2006 trial. "Grace be with you" in these pressure-filled times when we, like Timothy, are called to keep the faith in dark days, and to stand for the truth amidst the pressures of life. Paul leaving Titus in Crete must have been during a period of liberty after Paul's imprisonment in Rome ended in 63 AD. Text, maps & photos (unless otherwise stated) by Chris & Jenifer Taylor 2023. A recent theory suggests that Timothy wrote Hebrews, except for the closing verses that Paul appended himself where Timothy is mentioned by name. Mark is another name familiar to all who know the New Testament. ", Series: Introduction to His earthly friends had deserted him, but his Heavenly Friend stood by him. It would seem, from the context of the verse and Paul's general tone, that he believed that his imprisonment in Rome was about to end in his execution for his faith, since he said in 2 Timothy 4:6 that he was being poured out like a drink offering, and the time of his departure was at hand. Evangelism in Depth conferences in Christianity.com is a member of the Salem Web Network of sites including: Copyright 2023, Christianity.com. . The word that is used for "did me harm," is the word that is frequently used in Greek for an informer. The first point of time is Timothy receiving this letter from Paul and the second point of time is Timothy visiting Paul in Rome. Paul's Journey to Ephesus, Philippi & Corinth, The Ephesians are filled with the Holy Spirit, Paul meets violent opposition in Jerusalem, 13. (2Timothy 4:16-18 RSV). The Divided Kingdom & Journey into Exile, Jezebel kills the prophets & Elijah escapes, Elijah organises the opposition to King Ahab, Jehu races to Jezreel to depose King Joram, King Joash repairs the Temple in Jerusalem, Jeroboam II restores the boundaries of Israel, Tiglath-Pileser of Assyria invades Israel, Israel falls & the exiles are led to Assyria, King Hezekiah of Judah rebels against Assyria, Isaiah prophesies the destruction of Judah, King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon invades Judah, Jerusalem falls and the exile in Babylon begins, Biblical sources relating to Judah in exile, The later years of exile & the return to Judah, The completion of the Second Temple in Jerusalem, A third group of exiles returns with Ezra, A fourth group of exiles returns with Nehemiah, Mordecai uncovers a plot to kill the king, The origin of the Jewish festival of Purim, 37. When Timothy received this command . We get Paul's final greetings in this last paragraph: Greet Prisca and Aquila, and the household of Onesiphorus. AMERICAN STANDARD BIBLE, And the Lord will deliver me from every wicked deed and will preserve me for His heavenly kingdom; to Whom be the glory into the ages of eternity. Pick Probably no long time elapsed, after Apostle Paul's arrival, before his cause came on for hearing. Since Nero was suspected What Does "Guard Your Heart" Mean in the Bible? It is evident from this paragraph that the apostle expects Timothy to leave Ephesus and come to Rome to join him, and to travel not by ship across the Mediterranean, but to come by the overland route. So Paul concludes. This is what has happened to Demas. in store for him a "crown of righteousness." The daily supply that we need to encourage, strengthen and feed that union is grace, the daily grace of our Lord. I can testify from personal experience that nothing hurts more than to see someone you love, someone who has been walking in keen fellowship with the Lord, grow dull and cool in that love and go back again to the emptiness of the world and its pleasures. Website 2023 by Ray Stedman Ministries. it is doubtful whether he reached Rome in time to receive his parting commands, and cheer his latest earthly sufferings. needs to be dated prior to that like at Pauls "May it not be charged against them," he says; and he prays for those who forsook him in the hour of danger. scholars believe Paul was acquitted at this "first" Paul's final word to Timothy is a most important word to all of us: The Lord be with your spirit. the lion's mouth. the exception of Romans and I Corinthians. From the above description we can realize in some measure the external features of Paul's last trial. Timothy is venerated as an apostle, saint, and martyr by the Eastern Orthodox Church, with his feast day on 22 January. Some Christians were crucified while others were disguised in the skins of beasts and hunted to death with dogs. "farewell" to a beloved traveling companion and Continue Learning about Religious Studies. evidence supports Pauline authorship of these attested as genuine than the Pastoral Epistles, with Copyright 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, PAUL FROM THE BIBLE. Even though the next time would surely mean a sentence of death, he says, "The Lord will rescue me from every evil and save me for his heavenly kingdom," (Verse 18). to Rome, and beheaded. Luke alone is with me. But the Lord stood with me, distribute it, but it may not be sold 15:24, 28), and may have been arrested later at Then he left Titus to This holy disciple accompanied St. Paul to Macedonia, to Philippi, to Thessalonica, to Berea; and when the apostle went from Berea, he left Timothy and Silas there to confirm the converts. THEME: We can only hint at the order of events during the S, and served for over 20 years as Make every effort to come before winter. proclamation might be fully accomplished, and that 14Alexander the metalworker did me a great deal of harm. Some of this does seem to correlate with a detail found in Paul's final letters to Timothy. to "come before winter.". The only mention of Claudia in the Bible occurs in 2 Timothy 4:21. Then we have a mention of Eubulus, of whom we know nothing. at the command of Nero himself, and confined with robbers //homily iv 2 timothy ii.htm, 2 Timothy iv. friend. Paul wrote 4 Here is rather a sad note. under any circumstances whatsoever Linus is very likely the successor to the apostle, in some sense, in leadership over the church at Rome. From Corinth Some have read that to mean that Paul was afraid he was going to be thrown to the lions in the Roman Coliseum. which I left at Troas with Carpus, and the books, John's Letters to the believers in Asia Minor, 20. The presence of Jesus with him and beside him, Paul says, accomplished two things: First, it "gave him strength to testify." PURPOSE: Sustained by such a blessed and glorious hope and knowing, as Paul did, that nothing in heaven or in earth could separate him from the love of Christ, it mattered to him but little if he was destitute of earthly sympathy. Although we do not know this for sure, this king likely named his daughter Claudia, since his own name was Tiberius Claudius (after Claudius, the Emperor), and sent her to Rome, which was the custom of the kings who fell under the rule of the Empire, to guarantee that the treaty of relationship would be carried out. [6] While Timothy was a close associate of Paul, he was from Lystra, a small town in Asia Minor where it is unlikely he could have received the formal rhetorical training reflected in Hebrews. Paul was charged as a criminal (2 Tim. There is no mention of Titus or of any preaching on Crete in Acts 27 . the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the We know that This was a great heartbreak to the apostle; he writes these words with a tremendous sense of loss. Nero set fire (5) The last part of the epistle, setting forth grievous complaints against certain ones, and examples of singular godliness in every place, and of a mind never wearied. At this time Paul was in his second imprisonment in Rome ( 2 Timothy 1:2, 8 ). Part 19: Did Paul Ever Stand Before Caesar? Paul's Letters to Galatia & Thessalonica, The risen Lord Jesus appears to his followers, Christ's Victory Parade & the New Covenant, 15. Paul also passes along greetings from four specific people, as well as "all the brothers." There appears to have . Haggai & Zechariah encourage re-building, Haggai urges the exiles to re-build the Temple, Prophesies about the coming of the Messiah, 47. Timothy (1:2). "second" Roman imprisonment in A.D. 66 or 67, just If Timothy had made it to Rome before that time he could have spent several months with his beloved teacher. When St. Paul came to Derbe and Lystra, about 51 or 52 A.D., the brethren gave such an advantageous testimony of the merit and good disposition of Timothy that the apostle Paul took Timothy with him in order to assist him in propagating the doctrine of his great Lord and Master, Jesus Christ. It may well be that, in order to travel with Paul and stay close to him, Luke actually volunteered to be his slave. especially the parchments. But in the letters of John, who wrote somewhat later than Paul, another Demetrius is mentioned. It is a tribute to Mark that he had somehow recovered himself in the apostle's eyes. The parchments most certainly were copies of the Old Testament Scriptures. Since Nero was suspected the Gentiles might hear; and I was delivered out of No-one knows exactly when Paul died. I have fought a good fight; I have finished the course; I have kept the faith. No. to the Philippians. Paul writes to his close missionary associate Paul wrote 2 Timothy from a dark and damp Roman prison cell, just before his death in AD 67. taken back to Rome and beheaded at his second is a very moving document as we see the aged apostle But more importantly, he wanted to see Timothy before he died. We have only a limited knowledge of Pauls final days in, Paul asks Timothy to visit him soon, bringing John Mark (the nephew of Barnabas), whom Paul earlier sent from, He sends greetings from Eubulus, Pudens, Linus (who, according to tradition, became the first leader of the church in, 1. RECIPIENT: The diversity of subjects would 2 Tim. This is the last letter 2 Tim. May it not be charged against them! Here, he is telling Timothy that he will face persecution for teaching the message of Christ Jesus.All was obviously going to happen very quickly, in the twinkling of an eye ( 1 . Wil also serves as the However, scholars say that both epistles addressed to Timothy are clearly from the second. We have only a limited knowledge of Pauls final days in Rome, awaiting execution in the Mamertine Prison adjacent to the Forum. Grace be with you. 13When you come, bring the cloak that I left with Carpus at Troas, and my scrolls, especially the parchments. . "During my first defense, no one stood with me; instead, everyone deserted me. Again, William Barclay says that it was a Roman custom that when a citizen was being taken to Rome for trial he was permitted to take two slaves with him. It appears Paul's final imprisonment was much more severe than his first stint in prison there. Paul was charged as a criminal. Timothy 4:9-22. : Catholic 4:9-12 Paul asks Timothy to visit him as soon as possible, bringing John Mark with him. church tradition says Paul went to Spain (Rom. To him be glory for ever and ever. Scripture quoted by permission. pastored in Panama, Ecuador and the U. He certainly did not expect a final acquittal, but felt no doubt that the cause would ultimately result in his condemnation. It is a tribute to him that he recovered himself, and a tribute to Paul that he found the grace to forgive and forget the weakness of the past and give him another chance. (2 They, perhaps, were the parents of the man who turned out to be the first Bishop of Rome. How he has taught us, instructed us and guided us! he wrote to Titus (c. A.D. 63; Titus 3:12-13). Here the apostle was confined two whole years (58-60 2. personal letters. being sent from Ephesus, a few days journey from Caesarea, but a thankfulness similar to that expressed in his letter trial and was subsequently released. The Lord will deliver me from While he is in prison, he writes four epistles, three of which mention Timothy being with him (Philippians 1:1, 2:19, Colossians 1:1, Philemon 1:1). Then he was imprisoned in Palestine for a couple years, transported under guard via ship to Rome (a journey that included a shipwreck on Malta), and spent a couple more years under house arrest in Rome. Mamertine Prison during his "second" imprisonment 5. The Apostle Paul's Birth & Educationc. Priscilla (or Prisca) and Aquila were the Jewish couple, tentmakers like himself, whom Paul had met in Corinth. a good fight, I have finished the course, I have He stands for those heartbreaking cases who have begun well, who seem to hold forth much promise of faithfulness in Christ, but drift back again into the empty pleasures and commerce of the world, lose their Christian testimony, and nothing further is heard of them. in Rome. suggesting Timothy was imprisoned elsewhere while Paul was awaiting Lord, we feel the challenge to our own hearts to be dedicated, responsible, trustworthy men and women who are not in love with the present world and will not turn back from the things of Christ, but will remain faithful to the end, testifying to the grace of God sustaining and keeping us through the pressures of life. The Letter to the Jewish believers in Antioch, The General Letters: James, Jude, Peter & John, The Letter of James to the Jewish believers, The Letter of Jude to the Jewish believers, The 1st Letter of Peter to the Jewish believers, The 2nd Letter of Peter to the Jewish believers, 19. (2Timothy 4:13-15 RSV), It seems very likely that Paul was re-arrested by the Roman authorities in Troas. . . 22The Lord be with your spirit. . How much the world owes to this mighty apostle; how much we owe to him. never see him again. His heart is full of love for At his second imprisonment Now he is back in Ephesus, and Paul asks Timothy to bring Mark with him because, as he puts it, "he is very useful in serving me." I like the way one of the modern versions translates that: "He is a good man to have around the place." quotations taken from theNASB." All rights reserved. | GotQuestions.org, Timothy: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com. | GotQuestions.org, What does it mean to have a form of godliness but deny its power in 2 Timothy 3:5? 2 Tim. Peniel Theological Seminary in Riobamba, Upon his release he returned to Greece and The place of execution in Rome was not far distant. If this is the same Alexander who is mentioned in the first letter to Timothy -- there he is linked with the name Hymenaeus, and of both of them the apostle says, "I have delivered them to Satan that they may learn not to blaspheme" -- there would be supplied a motive for Alexander's deliberate attempt to hurt the apostle by betraying him to the Roman authorities. Who wrote this in The New York Times playing with a net really does improve the game? kept the faith; in the future there is laid u for me TONE: The Lord be with your spirit. Irenaeus, one of the early church fathers, mentions a Linus who was the Bishop of Rome. I felt afresh the impact that Paul by his letters has made upon human history. After all, he was carrying a heavy burden and needed whatever support he could get. 4:21-22 Paul urges Timothy to do his best to visit him in Rome before the winter (when storms would make the Mediterranean Sea crossing from Ephesus impossible). If this was the same with the Jewish Alexander of Ephesus (Acts 19:33), it would be probable that his testimony related to the former charge. a good fight, I have finished the course, I have Nor was his love confined to the brethren: he Paul looks back to the remotest beginning before the //schaff/history of the christian church volume i/section 88 the epistles of.htm, Paul's Missionary Labors. The Emperor Nero was noted for his vindictiveness. Paul writes a word of encouragement and warning as Paul did not go there during the first 3 journeys. proclamation might be fully accomplished, and that By the time of writing in c.67AD, Aquila and Pricilla had first returned to Rome (from where they had been expelled by the Emperor Claudius some years earlier see Romans 16:3-5 & Acts 18:2), and then had later moved back to Ephesus. preaching the word Of Christ Crescens is mentioned as going to Galatia. Which is greater 36 yards 2 feet and 114 feet 2 inch? Weeping friends took up his corpse, and carried it for burial to those subterranean labyrinths, where, through many ages of oppression, the persecuted Church found refuge for the living, and sepulchres for the dead. Most Notice how he stresses that, "Above all bring the parchments." Eubulus sends greetings to you, as do Pudens and Linus and Claudia and all the brethren. The cloak was what we today would call a poncho, a circular garment with a hole in the middle for the head, made of very warm material that Paul would doubtless need for the coming cold winter in Rome. Troas (II Tim. There Timothy continued with him for some time, and the apostle mentions him with Silas at the beginning of the two Epistles which he then wrote to the Thessalonians. his friends. 40. up Mark and bring him with you, for he is useful to his final hours before his execution in a cold, They had a church in Corinth; then they moved with Paul to Ephesus and had a church in their home there; they went to Rome, and, in the letter to the Romans, Paul refers to the church in their home there. writing his letter to the Philippian church. Since his name appears between that of Pudens and Claudia, it is thought that perhaps he is the son of a couple, Pudens being a male name and Claudia a female name. So this brings us right up to the present time, to the end of our studies in these two letters of Paul, and to the end of the apostle's life. This man seems to be a very responsible, dependable Christian. dark, damp Roman dungeon. It is dangerous and difficult (2Timothy 1:16) to seek his prison and so perilous to show any public sympathy with him. Thus one Praetor presided at trials for homicide, another at trials for treason, and so on. He is aware, as he himself put it, that he has "fought the good fight," he has "finished the race," he has "kept the faith," (2Timothy 4:7).
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